Which symptom is NOT typically associated with morphine use?

Morphine is an opioid analgesic commonly used for pain management, and it is known to have several side effects associated with its use. Among these, nausea and vomiting, constipation, and urinary retention are well-documented symptoms that patients might experience.

Constipation occurs because morphine affects the gastrointestinal tract, slowing down bowel motility. This is a common side effect of many opioids. Similarly, nausea and vomiting can arise due to the drug's action on the central nervous system, which may trigger these gastrointestinal symptoms. Urinary retention is another potential side effect, as opioids can interfere with the normal urge to urinate by affecting the central nervous system pathways responsible for bladder function.

In contrast, muscle cramps are not a typical side effect associated with morphine use. While patients may experience various unexpected symptoms while on opioids, muscle cramps are not commonly linked to morphine. They are more often associated with withdrawal from opioids or may occur in the absence of opiate medications as a result of muscle fatigue, dehydration, or other underlying health conditions, rather than as a direct effect of the medication itself. Therefore, muscle cramps stands out as the symptom that is generally not associated with morphine use.